I Univ.of  111.  Library 

I 

Oak  Street 
UNCLASSIFIED 


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Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2017  with  funding  from 

University  of  Illinois  Urbana-Champaign  Alternates 


https://archive.org/details/allofnaturesfashOOyoun 


“ How  strange  to  greet  this  frosty  morn , 
In  graceful  counterfeit  of  flowers , 
These  children  of  the  meadows  born 
Of  sunshine  and  of  showers.” 


ALL  OF  NATURE’S  FASHIONS  IN 
LADY’S  SLIPPERS  FOR  THE  NORTH- 
ERN AND  EASTERN  PARTS  OF  THE 
UNITED  STATES  ******* 


With  Photogravures  from  the  Living  Plant 


By  C.  S.  YOUNG. 


BOSTON 

Published  by  Bradlee  Whidden 


Eu’ltmniiiiiiiimiiiiimiiiimiiiiiiniimiirfi 


8! 


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Copyright, 

i895, 

By  C.  S.  Young. 


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ILLUSTRATIONS. 


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Cypripedium  arietinum : 

Ram’s  Head  Lady’s  Slipper. 

Cypripedium  candidum : 

Small  White  Lady’s  Slipper. 

Cypripedium  pubescens : 

Large  Yellow  Lady’s  Slipper,  or  Whip-poor-Will  Shoe. 

Cypripedium  parvijlorum : 

Small  Yellow  Lady’s  Slipper. 

Cypripedium  acaule : 

Stemless  Lady’s  Slipper,  Pink  Lady’s  Slipper. 

Cypripedium  spectabilc  : 

Showy  Lady’s  Slipper. 


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\F  all  the  native  orchids  of  our  northern  states 
the  Cypripediums  are  the  handsomest,  and 
most  generally  known  and  appreciated. 

Our  English  forefathers  called  them  “ Our 
Lady’s  Slippers,”  the  French,  “ Virgin’s  Sa- 
bots,” while  to  the  Indians  they  were  the 
“ Moccason  Flower.”  In  describing  them,  I have 
omitted,  for  the  most  part,  the  usual  scientific 
descriptions,  as  these  can  be  easily  obtained  else- 
where. These  illustrations  are  made  from  photo- 
graphs of  the  living  plants,  and  are  therefore 
absolutely  correct,  the  lens  of  the  camera  putting 
in  nothing  superfluous,  or  leaving  out  nothing, 
either  of  faults  or  perfections.  The  size  of  the 
flower  in  relation  to  the  leaf,  the  leaf  to  the  stem, 
the  curve  of  the  stem,  and  the  pubesence  are  all 
shown  exactly  as  possessed  by  the  plant. 

The  Cypripedium  parvijlorum  I have  given  as 
photographed  May  19,  but  I have  seen  it  in  blos- 
som well  into  the  month  of  June. 

The  Cypripedhim  spectabile  was  photographed 
June  15,  but  as  the  specimen  came  from  Maine, 


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it  would  naturally  flower  there  about  two  weeks 
later  than  in  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut. 

Cypripedium  acatile , in  the  same  locality 
varies  hardly  a day  from  May  20,  year  after  year, 
but  in  some  favored  places  it  comes  into  flower  a 
little  earlier. 

It  is  said  that  the  Japanese  consider  it  inartistic 
to  mass  flowers  into  bouquets,  and  it  is  especially 
true  of  Cypripediums  that  one  or  two  placed  in 
a vase  with  a little  green  is  more  effective  than 
the  many  grouped  together. 


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Fashion  One. 


CYPRIPEDIUM  ARIETINUM. 

Ram's  Head  Lady's  Slipper . 

This  plant  is  very  attractive,  and  except  in  a 
few  localities  in  northern  New  England,  is  rare, 
reminding  one  of  Mr.  Burroughs'  discoveries 
of  the  Cypripediums  in  general,  — namely,  that 
they  are  fond  of  retirement,  and  whenever  he 
came  across  them  their  exclusiveness  made  him 
feel  like  an  intruder. 

By  referring  to  the  illustration,  it  will  be  seen 
that  the  top  of  the  curiously  arranged  lip  is  white, 
and  the  face  of  it  dark:  it  is  in  reality  a reddish 
brown.  The  shape  of  the  blossom  has  been  likened 
to  a ram’s  head,  its  lateral  petals  resembling  the 
horns.  Mr.  Baldwin  says,  “ I strongly  suspect 
that  some  elf,  refused  a night’s  lodging  in  the 
cradle  of  a Pink  Lady’s  Slipper,  and  faring  no 
better  on  application  to  a Yellow  Lady’s  Slipper, 
originated  the  pert  little  Ram’s  Head  as  a carica- 
ture of  both.” 

Whenever  I see  this  plant,  or  even  look  at  the 
picture,  I feel  that  I am  closely  watched  by  this 
bright,  lively  little  orchid,  and  that  on  slight 
provocation  it  would  use  its  horns. 

The  white  spots  on  the  leaves,  as  shown  in  the 
illustration,  are  holes  eaten  probably  by  insects. 

This  is  the  smallest  species  of  the  Cypripediums 
except,  possibly,  the  C.  candidum,  which  grows 
to  about  the  same  height. 

It  should  be  looked  for  in  the  latter  part  of 
May  and  early  in  June. 


CYPRIPEDIUM  ARIETINUM. 


Ram's  Head  Lady's  Slipper. 


Photographed  May  16,  from  the  living  plant. 
Two-thirds  full  size. 


# 


Fashion  Two. 


* 

CYPRIPEDIUM  CANDIDUM. 

Small  White  Lady's  Slipper. 

New  ENGLAND  can  lay  no  claim  to  this  beauti- 
ful little  white  stranger,  and  indeed  there  are 
but  few  localities  that  can  boast  of  its  presence. 
It  has  been  found  in  central  New  York,  from 
which  place  the  specimen  photographed  arrived, 
and  in  bogs  and  wet  places  to  the  westward  and 
southward.  When  I had  photographed  this  little 
creature,  developed  my  plate  and  found  I had 
secured  an  unfading  picture  of  this  plant  from  the 
swamps  of  central  New  York,  a feeling  of  awe 
came  over  me  to  think  that  the  plant  could  wilt 
and  fade,  but  that  it  was  preserved  as  an  undying 
representative  of  its  race ; and  that  if  the  beautiful 
orchid  had  ever  had  the  feeling  of  not  being 
appreciated,  it  could  now  be  presented  to  ad- 
mirers of  wild  flowers,  and  be  loved  by  all  that 
should  see  it. 

The  pouch  of  the  candidum  is  of  pure  white, 
of  the  size  of  a sparrow's  egg,  while  the  plant 
itself  is  about  six  inches  high. 

The  leaves  are  long  and  clasping,  which  gives 
the  stalk  a heavy  appearance,  until  it  shoots  up 
above  the  leaf,  where  it  is  small  and  delicate. 


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CYPRIPEDIUM  CANDIDUM. 


Small  White  Lady's  Slipper . 


Photographed  May  18,  from  the  living  plant. 
Two-thirds  full  size. 


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Fashion  Three. 


CYPRIPEDIUM  PUBESCENS. 

Large  Yellow  Lady's  Slipper  or  Whip-poor- Will  Shoe. 

Birds  and  flowers  easily  associate  themselves 
together  in  our  minds  as  fit  playmates  of  the 
woods,  making  the  name  of  Whip-poor-Will  Shoe 
especially  pleasing. 

Its  lemon-colored  pouch  is  flattened  laterally, 
while  its  sepals  are  long  and  wavy.  The  leaves  are 
broadly  ovate,  pubescent  and  very  large  and  long. 
This  plant  has  a stocky  appearance ; in  fact,  it  looks 
as  if  when  it  first  came  from  the  ground  it  had  been 
undecided  whether  to  be  a stemless  plant,  with 
two  large  root-leaves  like  the  Pink  Lady's  Slipper, 
or  have  leaves  on  its  stem  like  the  Small  Yellow 
Lady's  Slipper. 

It  is  more  common  than  the  C . parviflorum 
but  is  thought  not  to  be  distributed  over  so  large 
an  area.  It  grows  in  low  grounds  and  damp 
woods.  The  time  of  blossoming,  the  latter  part  of 
May  and  early  June,  corresponds  very  nearly  with 
that  of  the  smaller  variety. 


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CYPRIPEDIUM  PUBESCENS. 


Large  Yellow  Lady's  Slipper y Whip-poor-Will  Shoe . 


Photographed  May  18,  from  the  living  plant. 
Two-thirds  full  size. 


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Fashion  Four. 


CYPRIPEDIUM  PARVIFLORUM. 

Small  Yellow  Lady's  Slipper . 

This  blossom,  with  its  small,  pouting  lip  of  rich 
yellow,  its  side  petals  coquettishly  twisted,  pre- 
sents a daintier  appearance  than  the  Larger 
Yellow  Lady's  Slipper,  while  its  perfume  is  quite 
marked.  The  plant,  which  is  from  eight  to  twelve 
inches  high,  frequently  produces  two  blossoms. 

The  petals  are  longer  than  the  lip  or  pouch, 
and  both  petals  and  sepals  are  brown-purple.  Its 
leaves  are  alternate,  oval,  very  broad  and  pointed, 
and  the  edges  are  unusually  wavy. 

The  stem  is  more  leafy,  and  the  pouch  is  of 
a deeper  yellow  than  that  of  the  C.  pubescens , 
into  which  Gray  says  this  species  passes.  It  was 
introduced  into  England  from  North  America 
over  a hundred  years  ago. 

It  is  to  be  found  in  low  woods  and  shady, 
damp,  and  wet  places,  and  is  distributed  through 
the  northern  states,  and  flowers  from  early  in 
May  well  into  June. 


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CYPRIPEDIUM  PARVIFLORUM. 


Small  Yellow  Lady's  Slipper. 


Photographed  May  ig  from  the  living  plant. 
One-half  full  size. 


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Fashion  Five. 


CYPRIPEDIUM  ACAULE. 

Stemless  Lady's  Slipper. 

To  the  unscientific  lover  of  flowers  the  name 
Lady’s  Slipper  brings  up  a delightful  vision  of 
a quaint  rose-colored  flower,  with  an  airy  balloon- 
like pouch.  This  is  the  C.  acaule , or  Pink 
Lady’s  Slipper,  the  most  common  of  all  the 
varieties.  Rising  erect  and  graceful  on  its  slender 
stalk,  it  may  be  found  in  dry  or  moist  woods  in 
May  and  June. 

Elaine  Goodale  speaks  of  it  as  “ shy  and 
proud,”  and  it  is  not  as  difficult  to  realize  that 
this  Slipper  and  the  spectabile  are  related  to 
the  curious  tropical  varieties  we  see  exhibited  as 
rarities,  as  their  more  modest-appearing  sisters. 

The  flower  stem  with  the  flower  is  from  ten  to 
fifteen  inches  high  and  springs  directly  from 
between  the  two  large  ribbed  oval,  lanceolate 
root  leaves.  The  other  Lady’s  Slippers,  as  can 
be  seen  from  the  illustration,  have  stem  leaves. 

Somehow,  to  me,  this  large,  pink  blossom, 
nodding  brightly  in  every  breeze,  has  a happier 
appearance  than  any  of  the  others ; and  although 
the  Showy  is  undoubtedly  the  handsomest,  I love 
the  Pink  Lady’s  Slipper  best. 


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CYPRIPEDIUM  ACAULE. 


Stemless  Lady's  Slipper.  Pink  Lady's  Slipper. 


Photographed  May  20  from  the  living  plant. 
Two-thirds  full  size. 


I 


4476 


Young,  G 


5 


All  of  nature's  fashions  in 
lady's  slippers  for  the  northern  and 
eastern  parts  of  the  United  States. 
Boston,  ST  idden,1895. 


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Fashion  Six 


CYPRIPEDIUM  SPECTABILE. 

Showy  Lady's  Slipper. 

This  plant,  which  is  quite  stout,  has  a downy 
stem  and  leaves,  and  often  produces  more  than 
one  flower.  It  thrives  in  swamps,  and  may  be 
found  in  Maine,  western  New  England  and  through- 
out Wisconsin. 

Bigelow  calls  this  the  Tall  Lady's  Slipper,  and, 
with  Gray,  mentions  its  growing  to  the  height  of 
two  feet,  but  those  that  I have  seen  have  not 
exceeded  one  foot,  while  the  plant  I have  selected 
to  photograph,  as  an  average  specimen  from  possi- 
bly twelve  or  more,  measured  only  ten  inches. 
This  would  indicate  that  it  varies  considerably 
in  different  localities. 

The  lip  of  white,  variegated  with  pink-purple, 
is  much  inflated,  and  its  oblong  petals  are  shorter 
than  the  sepals.  This  is  appropriately  called  the 
Showy  Lady's  Slipper,  and  is  generally  considered 
the  handsomest  of  them  all,  but  it  has  rather  a 
stiff,  precise  effect. 

It  stands  up  firm  and  straight,  as  if  it  were  on 
exhibition,  and  seems  to  say,  “ Look  at  me,  I am 
handsomer  than  my  relatives." 


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